Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: Thyroid hormones exert influence on all physiological systems, including the hair follicle. Roughly 50% of women experience diffuse hair loss. Vitamins are necessary for stimulating cellular growth, and a lack of these vital elements might result in extensive hair loss. However, it is frequently seen that pregnant women often have vitamin insufficiency, which can significantly affect the growth and quality of their hair. This study investigates the possible impact of Ferritin, TSH, Zinc, vitamin B12, and vitamin D levels on female alopecia in various age groups and stages of pregnancy.
Aims of the study: Assessing the concentrations of zinc, iron, ferritin, thyroid hormones, and vitamin B12 in women experiencing hair loss, and elucidating the interconnection among these factors.
Methodology: A case-control study conducted 90 people who experienced diffuse hair loss, consisting of 45 healthy women and 45 controls who were carefully selected to match the patients in terms of age and sex. Between April and December 2022, a laboratory carried out a confidential sample collection, enlisting both patients and controls.
Results: The investigation revealed that there was no statistically significant disparity in thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4, TSH, vitamin D3) among the groups. Nevertheless, there existed a markedly substantial disparity in the concentrations of iron, ferritin, zinc, and B12. In addition, the study found a negative association between T3 and ferritin, as well as between vitamin D3, ferritin, zinc, and TSH. Moreover, there existed a highly pronounced inverse correlation between TSH and T3, as well as between zinc and ferritin, and zinc and T3. 
Conclusion: This study conducted a comparative assessment of ferritin, TSH, zinc, Hb, vitamin B12, and vitamin D levels in several groups of women with alopecia. The study highlights the significance of reduced levels of vitamin B12 and other vitamins as factors that lead to hair loss.